21^st World Nanotechnology Congress October 15-17, 2018 Dubai, UAE

Lesbayev Bakhytzhan Tastanovich is an Associate Professor and author of 80 publications and 9 patents. His scientific interests are chemical physic, nanotechnology, science dealing with combustion.

The combustion process is a complex chain chemical reaction, passing through a number of parallel elementary acts: Nucleation reactions (formation of active radicals), branching (increase in the number of radicals in the reaction), continuation and termination of the chain (radical recombination). At present, studies related to the nucleation and growth of solid carbon product in the flame indicate that the reaction routes for the formation of precursors of aromatic molecules, CnHm, are not universal for various fuels end depend on the kinetics of formation of the active radicals OH, H, O, HO2, CH3, С2Н, НСО, С2Н3, ions and molecules. In the proposed study, the initial stage of combustion of each fuel is carried out on a separate burner with the possibility of subsequently combining the flames at different heights from the burner matrix to form a combined reaction zone. This makes it possible to influence the structure and property of the resulting final combustion products by combining the intermediate oxidation products of various types of hydrocarbons in the reaction zone of the combined flame. In the past years there are some works concerning synthesis methods of nanosized metal oxide particles in flames. Based on the above, in proposed work there is a purpose for investigation of nanosized metal oxide nanoparticles at joint organization of combustion process of propane and alcohol solution of metal salts. Electron microscopy studies shows that join combustion of propane and ethanol solution with nickel salt leads to the formation of nickel oxides of rounded shape with scatter in size of 50-300 nanometres. The results of chemical analysis showed the carbon content of 60%, nickel content of 36% and an oxygen content of 6%. Magnesium and sodium present in small quantities and their presence in the samples is explained by used fuel.

In recent years, the importance of artificial materials has grown in medicine and biology. Advanced tissue damage therapies are concentrated on stem cells, which can be used for direct application to the damaged sites or for tissue engineering using appropriate scaffolds. In addition, biomaterial scaffolds are important for fundamental scientific research as relatively simple and physicochemically well-defined artificial templates of Extracellular Matrix (ECM), allowing studies of ECM signals controlling cell adhesion, spreading, growth, differentiation, functioning, viability, matrix degradation, etc. The advantage of the PLLA scaffold is its biodegradability; the ability to allow the cells to grow and form in the new tissue while gradually biodegrading. Stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ASC) are often studied. Adipose tissue is relatively abundant in many patients and is relatively easy accessible without considerable donor site morbidity due to its subcutaneous localization. In comparison with the other sources of stem cells in the human body, ASCs in the adipose tissue are present in much larger quantities, have a higher proliferation capacity and delayed senescence. ASCs can be differentiating in vitro into other cell types such as osteoblasts, chondroblasts or smooth muscle cells. In this work the influence of modified poly(L-lactic acid) surface on adhesion, proliferation of stem cells derived from adipose tissue was studied. The PLLA polymer film was activated with argon plasma and subsequently modified by hyaluronic acid or poly(ethyleneglycol). The surface was analyzed and characterized by various methods. The in vitro method determined the suitability of a substrate for ASC cultivation. The aim of this experiment was to determine a suitable type of PLLA modification allowing for an ideal interaction between the substrate and the cell.

Nikola Slepickova Kasalkova is an Assistant Professor of Materials Engineering at the University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czech Republic. She has completed her PhD from University of Chemistry and Technology Prague in 2011. Her main research activities include surface modification and characterization of materials; carbon layer, carbon and metal nanostructures preparation and characterization; surface analysis of materials (wettability, morphology); study of cells-material interaction, cyto-compatibility test and study of antibacterial properties of materials.

Nikolay G Prikhodko has experience in the field of synthesis of carbon nanostructures, research of their properties and applications. His latest developments were aimed at obtaining carbon nanostructures from wastes of plant raw materials, in particular, rice husks.

The world's extensive use of a fossil fuel increased drastically in the last decades causing not only a sharp drop in the world reserves but also resultant environmental concerns. Due to these problems the world’s energy system is shifting from a fossil fuel driven economy to renewable energy sources. Therefore, with a growing share of this energy sources in the electricity grid also an increased amount of storage facilities will be needed. Due to their long cycle life and fast charge-discharge processes, supercapacitors are one of the most promising candidates for energy storage. The main challenges faced by supercapacitors include low energy density, production cost and high self-discharge. One of the most intensive approaches of overcoming the obstacle of low energy density and high production cost is by developing new cost-effective methods for producing electrode materials. Various methods to produce porous carbon from different kinds of raw materials have been reported, a focus in our research is on the utilization of renewable rice husk. Activated Rice Husk (ARH) derived porous carbon with few layer graphene-nanosheets were synthesized via the carbonization of rice husk followed by chemical KOH-activation process in a stainless steel double walled reactorfor fabrication of a low-cost supercapacitors with high-energy density. The ARH with graphitic structure has a high surface area of ~4200 m2/g. The ARH derived graphene-nanosheet electrodes show a specific capacitance of 223 F/g at a scan rate of 10 mV/sec, along with an excellent cyclic stability. The observed good electrochemical energy-storage performance of the ARH derived graphene-nanosheet electrodes is due to the synergetic effect of their huge electrochemically active surface area and an improved electrical conductivity.

Petr Slepicka is an Associate Professor of Materials Engineering at University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic. He has received his PhD from University of Chemistry and Technology Prague in 2007. His current main research activities include plasma and laser beam modification of polymers; modification of structure of solid state materials; study of surface physicochemical properties of materials and biocompatibility of polymers; metal nanostructures, preparation and characterization; atomic force microscopy and other surface analytical methods, interaction of metal with polymer and preparation of nanoparticles by deposition into liquids and interactions of graphene with polymer.

Polylactic-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA) is a biodegradable polymer that is increasingly popular with properties that enable its use in healthcare. The most common is the use of copolymers, or the formation of composites with different nanoparticles and fibers. Modern is the creation of so-called conductive polymeric nanocomposites that combine a nonconductive polymeric matrix with conductive nanoparticles. These composites can react to chemical, thermal or mechanical stimuli by changing electrical properties, making them of interest in the manufacture of sensors. Composites of PLLA and multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes (CNT), which served as a sensor for the detection of volatile organic solvents was already prepared. The low humidity sensor was developed with PLLA and gold nanoparticles. We have focused on preparation of bulk doped PLLA layers with Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) and the surface activation. Homogeneously doped PLLA with graphene nano-platelets was consequently activated both with plasma and heat treatment. Subsequently both the pristine doped and the plasma treated samples were chosen for experiments on cyto-compatibility of prepared samples, therefore may have several applications in tissue engineering. GNPs-doped specimens were thoroughly characterized and their physicochemical properties were evaluated. The optimization of the preparation of volume-doped PLLA layers with GNPs was performed for different amount of GNPs. Plasma treatment induced GNPs to be revealed which subsequently affected the surface roughness. The modification of PLLA/GNP by plasma had a significant influence both on wettability and surface roughness. As stabilized PLLA doped layers can be safely labeled after 70 hours of aging. The most important is that we proved, that PLLA with GNPs may have a positive influence on cell adhesion and proliferation, the positive cell response to GNPs may be further enhanced with plasma treatment.

Tanirbergenova Sandugash Kudaibergenovna has experience in the implementation of innovative projects. She is responsible for the execution of programmers and projects of the MES for a number of years and was engaged in practical and theoretical research in the field of chemical physics of processes of synthesis of carbon materials from waste natural and technogenic raw materials in the field of hydrocarbon processing.

The paper presents the investigation results on carriers and nanosized nickel, cobalt containing catalysts deposited on different carriers. To study the catalytic action of nanoscale catalysts, at the initial stage, active carriers: Zeolite 3A and Al2O3 were chosen. Acetylene and hydrogen in different ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3) (C2H2:H2) were used as initial feedstock. The catalytic activity of carriers was studied using automated flow catalytic installation in acetylene hydrogenation reactions on nanoscaled Ni, Co containing catalysts and carriers at a pressure of 5 atm is studied. The actions of carriers and nanosized catalysts during hydrogenation reaction of acetylene to ethylene at low temperatures in the range from 50-100 oС are studied. At a ratio of С2Н2:Н2 being equal to (1:2) at 80 oС the carrier-aluminum oxide exhibits activity and conversion of acetylene makes up 70%, when using zeolite 3A, it is 63%. When the temperature rises to 120 oС, the activity of aluminum decreases and conversion is 53%, but zeolite exhibits activity at high temperatures and at a temperature of 120 oС, conversion of acetylene reaches to 73.5%. It is shown that with an increase in hydrogen ratio, the yield of ethylene increases from 5% to 10.7% on the catalyst 5% Ni/3A. Also, in the reaction of acetylene hydrogenation there are no byproducts. For this process, the optimum reaction temperature is 80 oС, feedstock ratio (1:3) is positive, where the yield of ethylene 5% Co/3A catalyst increased to 16.7%. The effect of the content of cobalt from 1% to 10% is studied. The results of the study have shown that the optimum content of cobalt is 5%. In hydrogenation reaction of acetylene on the catalyst 1% CoO/3А, the yield of the target product was 10.96%, on the catalyst 5% CoO/3А the yield of ethylene was 16.7% with an increase in the content of cobalt from 5% to 10% the yield of ethylene decreased from 16.7% to 4.5%. Thus, the optimum content of cobalt is 5% for the hydrogenation process of acetylene on zeolite. The morphology of the surface of cobalt-containing catalysts on zeolite was studied by the electron microscopy method. In the composition of catalysts there are particles of a round shape with the nanosizes of 24-27 nm, the sizes of particles change according to the composition of catalyst in the range from 24 to 100 nm. It is seen that the particles are distributed uniformly on the surface of the catalyst. Also, it can be seen that the catalysts operate actively and do not lose activity in the reaction of hydrogenating acetylene to ethylene. The elemental composition spectra of 5% CoO/3А catalyst show that on the surface of granule intensive spectra referring to cobalt are determined granule. This means that distribution of the active phase of cobalt occurs at the outer surface of zeolite 3A. The composition and method of preparing cobalt and nickel catalysts deposited on aluminium oxide for hydrogenating acetylene to ethylene were developed. Thus, the obtained results show that aluminium oxide and zeolite 3A can serve as carriers of catalysts in hydrogenation reactions of acetylene. Conversion of acetylene increases when modifying zeolite with 5% cobalt in an automated flow catalytic installation under the pressure of 5 atm at a temperature of 80 oC. Thus, the cobalt-containing catalyst deposited on the carrier substrate 3А exhibits catalytic activity during hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene.

Danara Nurgozhina has her interests in chemical physic, nanotechnology, science dealing with combustion.

This paper presents results of a study of the synthesis of graphene on the surface of a nickel substrate in an alternate flame of benzene with ethanol at atmospheric pressure. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the process of graphene formation in a flame occurs within 10-5 to 10-3 seconds. Comparative studies by several authors confirm that the process of graphene receiving in flame can successfully compete with the process of synthesis by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method. Studies presented results on the investigation of the synthesis of graphene layers in a double flame at atmospheric pressure. The size of the resulting graphene domains lies within the range of 10-15 μm. In the proposed work, the synthesis of graphene was carried out under the following conditions: The consumption of benzene was 80 cm3/min, the consumption of ethanol 190 cm3/min, the formation of graphene took place in the flame zone with a temperature of 950-970 °C. A nickel plate with a thickness of 0.2 mm was used as the substrate, which was installed vertically in the middle of the flame. Formation of graphene took place within 30-60 seconds. The obtained samples were examined on a Raman spectroscope (NTEGRA Spectra Raman). Graphene identification done by three peaks: The first peak D at 1351 cm-1, the second peak G at 1580 cm-1 and the third peak 2D at 2700 cm-1. By correlation of G peak (IG) and 2D peak (I2D) the number of graphene layers (IG/I2D) was evaluated and by correlation of intensity D peak (ID) and G peak (IG) the degree of graphene (ID/IG) imperfection was estimated. Under feeding of ethanol to the center of the flame on the substrate forms 5-10 layers of graphene (IG/I2D=1.8, ID/IG=0.48).

Niranjan Sanzgiri is currently pursuing his PhD in the Department of Chemistry, Ramnarain Ruia College. His research interests are Nanotechnology and Synthetic Organic Chemistry

Dendrimers are nano-sized, radially symmetric molecules with well-defined, homogeneous, and monodisperse structure with symmetric core, an inner shell, and an outer shell. They generate polydisperse products of different molecular weights. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer has been coated to Fe3O4 core to prepare PAMAM-Fe3O4 core-shell nanostructures of different hydrodynamic sizes. Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were prepared by chemical co-precipitation method using microwave synthesizer which enhanced the rate of the synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticles were modified with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES) for further coating with the dendrimer. This improves magnetic properties and size distribution (reduction of agglomeration). Dendrimers were synthesized using convergent method of synthesis. APTES-modified magnetite NPs were coated with PAMAM dendrimer through Michael addition reaction. The functionalized magnetite nanoparticles were characterized by suitable methods. The aqueous solubility of a known non steroidal anti- inflammatory drug (NSAID), Naproxen was measured in the presence of dendrimer functionalized Fe NP’s in distilled water and found to be proportional to dendrimer concentration at constant pH condition. This is due to electrostatic interaction between the carboxyl group of the naproxen molecule and groups of the dendrimer molecule. Their characteristics such as polyvalency, self-assembling, electrostatic interactions, chemical stability, low cytotoxicity, and solubility make these PAMAM-Fe3O4 a good choice in the medical field in drug delivery, imaging, photodynamic therapy etc.